Report
Participants
We collected data from 166 participants, of which 131 met the inclusion criteria and were included in data analyses. 75 were tested in Oxford, and 91 were tested in Barcelona.
We collected data from 25 longitudinal participants, that is, who were tested in at least two of the three ages (21, 25, and 30). Of those, 0 were tested in Oxford, and 25 were tested in Barcelona.
Language profiles
Only valid participants.
Methods
Preprocessing vocabulary data
We collected vocabulary data from participants. In Oxford, participants were sent the online version of the Oxford Communicative Development Inventory [OCDI; @hamilton2000] two weeks before each appointment. In Barcelona, participants were sent the online vocabulary inventory MultiLex immediately after the appointment, and were given two weeks to fill it. In Oxford, families filled the vocabulary checklist in the testing language, and when the participant was monolingual, also in the second language. In Barcelona, all participants filled the Catalan and the Spanish versions of the vocabulary checklists. All checklists included the words involved in the trial lists. When filling the vocabulary checklist, families checked each word as being understood, understood and produced or none. Each response to either checklist was aggregated to produce several vocabulary measures:
- Total vocabulary: total number of words the child knows, summing up both languages. For instance, a child who knows 210 words in Catalan and 100 words in Spanish would have a total vocabulary size of 210 words.
- L1 vocabulary: number of words the child knows in the languages of higher exposure (i.e., testing language). For instance, for a child exposed to 75% Catalan who knows 210 words in Catalan and 100 words in Spanish, their L1 vocabulary size would be 210 words.
- Conceptual vocabulary: number of lexicalised concepts, that is, the number of concepts for which the child knows a word in at least one of the languages. For example, a Catalan-Spanish bilingual that knows taula and mesa – Catalan and Spanish translations of table– would have a conceptual vocabulary size of 1.
Vocabulary sizes of participants whose families failed to complete the vocabulary checklists were imputed, by assigning them the most likely vocabulary size from a distribution of vocabulary sizes of children of similar age (\(\pm\) 1 month) and language profile (similar exposure to a second language, \(\pm\) 10%) that completed the same vocabulary checklist previously.
Preprocessing gaze data
Workflow
Trial-level inclusion criteria
- \(\geq\) 50% or more valid samples during prime phase (1,500 ms)
- \(\geq\) 50% or more valid samples during target-distractor phase (2,000 ms)
- At least one sample in target and one sample in distractor
- Participant understands prime word in both languages
- Participant knows the target word in the test language
- Participant knows the distractor word in the test language
Participant-level inclusion criteria
- \(\geq\) 4 trials in Cognate condition (50%, from a total of 8)
- \(\geq\) 4 trials in Non-cognate condition (50%, from a total of 8)
- \(\geq\) 8 trials in Unrelated condition (50%, from a total of 16)
- \(\geq\) 36 gestational weeks
- \(\geq\) 2,800g birth weight
- No diagnosed developmental, hearing, or visual disorders
- Not exposed to more than 10% to a 3rd language
Results
Attrition rate
This table shows a summary of the total, total valid, and proportion of valid monolingual and bilingual participants tested in each lab (Barcelona and Oxford), in each age group (21, 25, and 30 months), and the mean of valid trials they contributed in each trial type (cognate, non-cognate, and unrelated).
| Age | Group | Laboratory | Mean valid trials | N participants | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognate (8) | Non-cognate (8) | Unrelated (16) | Valid | Tested | Valid (%) | |||
| 21 | Bilingual | Barcelona | 6.04 | 5.87 | 11.30 | 21 | 23 | 91.30% |
| 21 | Monolingual | Barcelona | 6.26 | 6.97 | 13.22 | 37 | 42 | 88.10% |
| 21 | Monolingual | Oxford | 6.05 | 6.38 | 11.84 | 35 | 37 | 94.59% |
| 25 | Bilingual | Barcelona | 6.67 | 6.17 | 13.00 | 11 | 12 | 91.67% |
| 25 | Monolingual | Barcelona | 6.53 | 6.75 | 13.50 | 32 | 36 | 88.89% |
| 25 | Monolingual | Oxford | 4.33 | 5.22 | 9.56 | 7 | 9 | 77.78% |
| 30 | Bilingual | Barcelona | 5.71 | 5.86 | 11.33 | 16 | 21 | 76.19% |
| 30 | Bilingual | Oxford | 8.00 | 8.00 | 16.00 | 1 | 1 | 100.00% |
| 30 | Monolingual | Barcelona | 6.96 | 6.88 | 13.42 | 21 | 24 | 87.50% |
| 30 | Monolingual | Oxford | 6.29 | 5.93 | 11.64 | 14 | 14 | 100.00% |
| NA | NA | NA | 15.00 | 13.00 | 19.00 | 0 | 1 | 0.00% |
Vocabulary
Vocabulary in the dominant language (L1)
This figure represents the vocabulary size in the dominant language of participants in the Y-axis and their linguistic profile in the X-axis. Results are presented separately for each age group. The shape of the violins, represents the distribution of the vocabulary sizes. The box-plot inside each violin represents the median, 25th and 75th percentiles, and the vertical lines represent the minimum and maximum values. vocabulary sizes in the dominant language were calculated as the proportion of items each participant was reported to understand or understand and say in the language of most exposure. for example, for a participant exposed mostly to Catalan, their vocabulary size in the dominant language was calculated as the proportion of words they were reported to understand and/or say in Catalan, from a total of ~200 words.
Target fixations
Target fixations: Age group and language profile
Cross-sectional
For each participant and trial, the proportion of fixations to the target object were calculated from the total of fixations to the target, the distractor, and the rest of the screen. Then proportions for the same participant were aggregated within conditions, so that for each participant three data points were obtained: one in each trial type (cognate, non-cognate, and unrelated). Some participants were longitudinal. Scores form longitudinal participant are indicated by gray lines linking data points from the same participant.
Age group: 21 months
Age group: 25 months
Age group: 30 months
Longitudinal
Each trial was divided into 100 ms time bins. for each time bin, the proportion of target fixations were calculated, from the total of fixations to the target, distractor and the rest of the screen for that same time bin. Proportions were then aggregated across trials for each time bin and participants, so that each participant contributed with 20 data points (one for each time bin) for each trial type (cognate, non-cognate, and unrelated). This figure shows the fitted line of a General Additive Model (GAM) generated using the geom_smooth() function from the ggplot R package, with default settings.
Target fixations: Time course analysis
Age group: 21 months
Age group: 25 months
Age group: 30 months
Target fixations: Vocabulary size
Target fixations: High vocabulary vs. low vocabulary
Target fixations: 21 months
Target fixations: 25 months
Target fixations: 30 months
Target fixations: Oxford vs. Barcelona
Age group: 21 months
Age group: 25 months
Age group: 30 months
Data analysis
Model
\[ \log(\frac{p}{n - q}) = (\beta_{0} + \beta_{0p} + \beta_{0i}) + ... \\ (\beta_{1} + \beta_{1p} + \beta_{1i})\times Condition_{pi} + ... \\ (\beta_{2} + \beta_{2i}) \times Group_{pi} + ... \\ (\beta_{3} + \beta_{3i}) \times (Condition_{pi} \times Group_{pi}) + ... \\ (\beta_{4} + \beta_{4p}) \times Vocabulary_{p} + \varepsilon_{pi} \]
Appendix
Appendix 1: Individual attrition rates
| Participant | Location | Date | Age | Group | Valid trials (%) by trial type | Valid (other)? | Valid trials | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognate | Non-cognate | Unrelated | |||||||
| 18 | Barcelona | 2019-11-26 | 30 | Bilingual | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (0.38%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 19 | Barcelona | 2019-11-28 | 30 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 20 | Barcelona | 2019-11-30 | 30 | Bilingual | 1 (0.12%) | 2 (0.25%) | 6 (0.75%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 21 | Barcelona | 2019-11-30 | 30 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 22 | Barcelona | 2019-11-30 | 30 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 6 (0.75%) | 15 (1.88%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 23 | Barcelona | 2019-11-30 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 25 | Barcelona | 2019-12-14 | 30 | Monolingual | 2 (0.25%) | 1 (0.12%) | 6 (0.75%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 26 | Barcelona | 2019-12-14 | 30 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 27 | Barcelona | 2019-12-14 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 28 | Barcelona | 2019-12-14 | 30 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 5 (0.62%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 29 | Barcelona | 2020-01-15 | 30 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 31 | Barcelona | 2020-01-17 | 30 | Bilingual | 6 (0.75%) | 4 (0.5%) | 7 (0.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 30 | Barcelona | 2020-01-18 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 32 | Barcelona | 2020-01-18 | 30 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 33 | Barcelona | 2020-01-23 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 35 | Barcelona | 2020-02-01 | 30 | Bilingual | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 36 | Barcelona | 2020-02-06 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 37 | Barcelona | 2020-02-08 | 25 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 38 | Barcelona | 2020-02-10 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 39 | Barcelona | 2020-02-10 | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 40 | Barcelona | 2020-02-14 | 30 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 41 | Barcelona | 2020-02-15 | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 42 | Barcelona | 2020-02-25 | 30 | Bilingual | 5 (0.62%) | 7 (0.88%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 43 | Barcelona | 2020-02-28 | 30 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 5 (0.62%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 44 | Barcelona | 2020-02-29 | 30 | Bilingual | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 45 | Barcelona | 2020-03-07 | 21 | Bilingual | 6 (0.75%) | 6 (0.75%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 47 | Barcelona | 2020-03-11 | 21 | Monolingual | 3 (0.38%) | 5 (0.62%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 48 | Barcelona | 2020-03-11 | 21 | Bilingual | 6 (0.75%) | 5 (0.62%) | 13 (1.62%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 49 | Barcelona | 2020-11-06 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 49 | Barcelona | 2020-11-06 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 50 | Barcelona | 2020-11-07 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 50 | Barcelona | 2020-11-07 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 51 | Barcelona | 2020-11-07 | 21 | Monolingual | 3 (0.38%) | 5 (0.62%) | 6 (0.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 51 | Barcelona | 2020-11-07 | 25 | Monolingual | 4 (0.5%) | 6 (0.75%) | 10 (1.25%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 52 | Barcelona | 2020-11-09 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 6 (0.75%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 52 | Barcelona | 2020-11-09 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 5 (0.62%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 53 | Barcelona | 2020-11-14 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 53 | Barcelona | 2020-11-14 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 54 | Barcelona | 2020-11-14 | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 55 | Barcelona | 2020-11-14 | 21 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 55 | Barcelona | 2020-11-14 | 25 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 56 | Barcelona | 2020-11-14 | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 5 (0.62%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 57 | Barcelona | 2020-11-16 | 21 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 6 (0.75%) | 9 (1.12%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 57 | Barcelona | 2020-11-16 | 25 | Bilingual | 5 (0.62%) | 2 (0.25%) | 8 (1%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 58 | Barcelona | 2020-11-17 | 25 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 58 | Barcelona | 2020-11-17 | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 59 | Barcelona | 2020-11-18 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 59 | Barcelona | 2020-11-18 | 30 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 8 (1%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 60 | Barcelona | 2020-11-19 | 25 | Bilingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 60 | Barcelona | 2020-11-19 | 30 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 62 | Barcelona | 2020-11-21 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 64 | Barcelona | 2020-11-21 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 4 (0.5%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 64 | Barcelona | 2020-11-21 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 65 | Barcelona | 2020-11-25 | 25 | Monolingual | 4 (0.5%) | 6 (0.75%) | 10 (1.25%) | FALSE | TRUE |
| 65 | Barcelona | 2020-11-25 | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 66 | Barcelona | 2020-11-26 | 25 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 67 | Barcelona | 2020-11-27 | 25 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 5 (0.62%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 67 | Barcelona | 2020-11-27 | 30 | Bilingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 68 | Barcelona | 2020-11-27 | 25 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 6 (0.75%) | 8 (1%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 69 | Barcelona | 2020-11-28 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 69 | Barcelona | 2020-11-28 | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 70 | Barcelona | 2020-12-01 | 21 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 70 | Barcelona | 2020-12-01 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 71 | Barcelona | 2020-12-01 | 21 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 72 | Barcelona | 2020-12-04 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 72 | Barcelona | 2020-12-04 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 73 | Barcelona | 2020-12-04 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 73 | Barcelona | 2020-12-04 | 25 | Monolingual | 4 (0.5%) | 6 (0.75%) | 12 (1.5%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 74 | Barcelona | 2020-12-05 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 16 (2%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 74 | Barcelona | 2020-12-05 | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 1 (0.12%) | 9 (1.12%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 75 | Barcelona | 2020-12-09 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 76 | Barcelona | 2020-12-12 | 21 | Bilingual | 5 (0.62%) | 5 (0.62%) | 6 (0.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 77 | Barcelona | 2020-12-12 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 78 | Barcelona | 2020-12-16 | 21 | Monolingual | 0 (0%) | NA (NA%) | NA (NA%) | FALSE | TRUE |
| 78 | Barcelona | 2020-12-16 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 79 | Barcelona | 2020-12-16 | 21 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 5 (0.62%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 80 | Barcelona | 2020-12-19 | 21 | Bilingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 80 | Barcelona | 2020-12-19 | 30 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 81 | Barcelona | 2020-12-21 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 81 | Barcelona | 2020-12-21 | 25 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 82 | Barcelona | 2020-12-21 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 82 | Barcelona | 2020-12-21 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 6 (0.75%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 84 | Barcelona | 2021-01-22 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 84 | Barcelona | 2021-01-22 | 25 | Monolingual | 3 (0.38%) | 5 (0.62%) | 6 (0.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 85 | Barcelona | 2021-01-22 | 21 | Monolingual | 3 (0.38%) | 1 (0.12%) | 6 (0.75%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 86 | Barcelona | 2021-01-29 | 21 | Bilingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 87 | Barcelona | 2021-01-30 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 88 | Barcelona | 2021-01-30 | 21 | Bilingual | 5 (0.62%) | 6 (0.75%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 89 | Barcelona | 2021-02-02 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 90 | Barcelona | 2021-02-06 | 21 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 5 (0.62%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 91 | Barcelona | 2021-02-06 | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 92 | Barcelona | 2021-02-06 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 49 | Barcelona | 2021-02-13 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 49 | Barcelona | 2021-02-13 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 93 | Barcelona | 2021-02-13 | 21 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 94 | Barcelona | 2021-02-13 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 95 | Barcelona | 2021-02-13 | 21 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 8 (1%) | 12 (1.5%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 96 | Barcelona | 2021-02-13 | 21 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 7 (0.88%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 97 | Barcelona | 2021-02-19 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 4 (0.5%) | 10 (1.25%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 100 | Barcelona | 2021-02-20 | 21 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 101 | Barcelona | 2021-02-20 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 55 | Barcelona | 2021-02-20 | 21 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 55 | Barcelona | 2021-02-20 | 25 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 98 | Barcelona | 2021-02-20 | 21 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 99 | Barcelona | 2021-02-20 | 21 | Bilingual | 4 (0.5%) | 3 (0.38%) | 6 (0.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 102 | Barcelona | 2021-02-26 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 103 | Barcelona | 2021-02-27 | 21 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 104 | Barcelona | 2021-02-27 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 6 (0.75%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 105 | Barcelona | 2021-02-27 | 21 | Bilingual | 4 (0.5%) | 4 (0.5%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 57 | Barcelona | 2021-03-05 | 21 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 6 (0.75%) | 9 (1.12%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 57 | Barcelona | 2021-03-05 | 25 | Bilingual | 5 (0.62%) | 2 (0.25%) | 8 (1%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 51 | Barcelona | 2021-03-06 | 21 | Monolingual | 3 (0.38%) | 5 (0.62%) | 6 (0.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 51 | Barcelona | 2021-03-06 | 25 | Monolingual | 4 (0.5%) | 6 (0.75%) | 10 (1.25%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 106 | Barcelona | 2021-03-13 | 21 | Bilingual | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.12%) | 0 (0%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 107 | Barcelona | 2021-03-13 | 21 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 50 | Barcelona | 2021-03-13 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 50 | Barcelona | 2021-03-13 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 108 | Barcelona | 2021-03-15 | 21 | Bilingual | 6 (0.75%) | 5 (0.62%) | 10 (1.25%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 74 | Barcelona | 2021-03-20 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 16 (2%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 74 | Barcelona | 2021-03-20 | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 1 (0.12%) | 9 (1.12%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 52 | Barcelona | 2021-03-22 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 6 (0.75%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 52 | Barcelona | 2021-03-22 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 5 (0.62%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 62 | Barcelona | 2021-04-10 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 64 | Barcelona | 2021-04-10 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 4 (0.5%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 64 | Barcelona | 2021-04-10 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 80 | Barcelona | 2021-04-10 | 21 | Bilingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 80 | Barcelona | 2021-04-10 | 30 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 59 | Barcelona | 2021-04-13 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 59 | Barcelona | 2021-04-13 | 30 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 8 (1%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 109 | Barcelona | 2021-04-14 | 21 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 4 (0.5%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 111 | Barcelona | 2021-04-17 | 30 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 7 (0.88%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 53 | Barcelona | 2021-04-17 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 53 | Barcelona | 2021-04-17 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 65 | Barcelona | 2021-04-22 | 25 | Monolingual | 4 (0.5%) | 6 (0.75%) | 10 (1.25%) | FALSE | TRUE |
| 65 | Barcelona | 2021-04-22 | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 67 | Barcelona | 2021-04-22 | 25 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 5 (0.62%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 67 | Barcelona | 2021-04-22 | 30 | Bilingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 60 | Barcelona | 2021-04-26 | 25 | Bilingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 60 | Barcelona | 2021-04-26 | 30 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 58 | Barcelona | 2021-04-28 | 25 | Bilingual | 5 (0.62%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 58 | Barcelona | 2021-04-28 | 30 | Bilingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 70 | Barcelona | 2021-04-28 | 21 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 70 | Barcelona | 2021-04-28 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 72 | Barcelona | 2021-04-29 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 72 | Barcelona | 2021-04-29 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 78 | Barcelona | 2021-04-29 | 21 | Monolingual | 0 (0%) | NA (NA%) | NA (NA%) | FALSE | TRUE |
| 78 | Barcelona | 2021-04-29 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 73 | Barcelona | 2021-04-30 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 73 | Barcelona | 2021-04-30 | 25 | Monolingual | 4 (0.5%) | 6 (0.75%) | 12 (1.5%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| 81 | Barcelona | 2021-05-03 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 81 | Barcelona | 2021-05-03 | 25 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 82 | Barcelona | 2021-05-07 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 82 | Barcelona | 2021-05-07 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 6 (0.75%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 69 | Barcelona | 2021-05-08 | 25 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 69 | Barcelona | 2021-05-08 | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 76 | Barcelona | 2021-05-08 | 21 | Bilingual | 5 (0.62%) | 5 (0.62%) | 6 (0.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 84 | Barcelona | 2021-05-12 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| 84 | Barcelona | 2021-05-12 | 25 | Monolingual | 3 (0.38%) | 5 (0.62%) | 6 (0.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf21 | Oxford | 2019-12-02 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf5 | Oxford | 2019-12-03 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf22 | Oxford | 2019-12-04 | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 5 (0.62%) | 7 (0.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf23 | Oxford | 2019-12-05 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf24 | Oxford | 2019-12-05 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf25 | Oxford | 2019-12-06 | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 5 (0.62%) | 9 (1.12%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf26 | Oxford | 2019-12-10 | 21 | Monolingual | 2 (0.25%) | 3 (0.38%) | 8 (1%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf1 | Oxford | 2019-12-13 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 7 (0.88%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf2 | Oxford | 2019-12-13 | 30 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 6 (0.75%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf27 | Oxford | 2019-12-13 | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf29 | Oxford | 2019-12-14 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf30 | Oxford | 2019-12-16 | 21 | Monolingual | 4 (0.5%) | 3 (0.38%) | 6 (0.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf3 | Oxford | 2019-12-17 | 30 | Bilingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf31 | Oxford | 2019-12-18 | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 6 (0.75%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf18 | Oxford | 2020-01-23 | 25 | Monolingual | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (0.38%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| oxf33 | Oxford | 2020-01-23 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf19 | Oxford | 2020-01-24 | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 6 (0.75%) | 8 (1%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf34 | Oxford | 2020-01-24 | 21 | Monolingual | 4 (0.5%) | 8 (1%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf35 | Oxford | 2020-01-24 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf36 | Oxford | 2020-01-27 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf37 | Oxford | 2020-01-28 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf38 | Oxford | 2020-01-28 | 21 | Monolingual | 3 (0.38%) | 4 (0.5%) | 9 (1.12%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf39 | Oxford | 2020-01-30 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf20 | Oxford | 2020-01-31 | 25 | Monolingual | 1 (0.12%) | 2 (0.25%) | 8 (1%) | TRUE | FALSE |
| oxf40 | Oxford | 2020-01-31 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 7 (0.88%) | 15 (1.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf41 | Oxford | 2020-01-31 | 21 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 7 (0.88%) | 9 (1.12%) | FALSE | FALSE |
| oxf42 | Oxford | 2020-01-31 | 21 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 6 (0.75%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf8 | Oxford | 2020-02-01 | 30 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf43 | Oxford | 2020-02-03 | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 6 (0.75%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf44 | Oxford | 2020-02-05 | 21 | Monolingual | 4 (0.5%) | 6 (0.75%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf45 | Oxford | 2020-02-06 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf46 | Oxford | 2020-02-06 | 21 | Monolingual | 2 (0.25%) | 4 (0.5%) | 4 (0.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf47 | Oxford | 2020-02-07 | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 10 (1.25%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf48 | Oxford | 2020-02-14 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf49 | Oxford | 2020-02-17 | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 14 (1.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf50 | Oxford | 2020-02-18 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (2%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf51 | Oxford | 2020-03-12 | 21 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 6 (0.75%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf52 | Oxford | 2020-03-17 | 21 | Monolingual | 8 (1%) | 5 (0.62%) | 10 (1.25%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf53 | Oxford | NA | 21 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 7 (0.88%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf55 | Oxford | NA | 21 | Monolingual | 1 (0.12%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.12%) | TRUE | FALSE |
| oxf56 | Oxford | NA | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 10 (1.25%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf57 | Oxford | NA | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf58 | Oxford | NA | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf59 | Oxford | NA | 21 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 8 (1%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf61 | Oxford | NA | 21 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 5 (0.62%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf62 | Oxford | NA | 25 | Monolingual | 2 (0.25%) | 2 (0.25%) | 5 (0.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf63 | Oxford | NA | 25 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 6 (0.75%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf64 | Oxford | NA | 25 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf65 | Oxford | NA | 25 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 8 (1%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf66 | Oxford | NA | 25 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 8 (1%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf67 | Oxford | NA | 25 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 8 (1%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf68 | Oxford | NA | 30 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 6 (0.75%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf69 | Oxford | NA | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 10 (1.25%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf70 | Oxford | NA | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 6 (0.75%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf71 | Oxford | NA | 30 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 4 (0.5%) | 6 (0.75%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf72 | Oxford | NA | 30 | Monolingual | 4 (0.5%) | 5 (0.62%) | 10 (1.25%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf73 | Oxford | NA | 30 | Monolingual | 5 (0.62%) | 3 (0.38%) | 11 (1.38%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf74 | Oxford | NA | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 9 (1.12%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf75 | Oxford | NA | 30 | Monolingual | 4 (0.5%) | 3 (0.38%) | 8 (1%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf76 | Oxford | NA | 30 | Monolingual | 7 (0.88%) | 7 (0.88%) | 12 (1.5%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| oxf77 | Oxford | NA | 30 | Monolingual | 6 (0.75%) | 7 (0.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | TRUE | TRUE |
| NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 15 (1.88%) | 13 (1.62%) | 19 (2.38%) | NA | FALSE |
Appendix 2: Individual target looking times
